Alcohol Essays - Drinking Culture, Alcohol Abuse, Alcoholism

Sun Tzu Strategic Management Free Essays

Sun Assignment 2. Vital Management . School of Strategy. We will compose a custom exposition test on Sun Tzu Strategic Management or then again any comparable theme just for you Request Now As indicated by Synder and Neil H. (1982) in their diary called ‘Strategic Management Journal’ , The school of methodology meaning of vital arranging that are offered by Henry Mintzberg in 1981 presumes that key arranging is a procedure including all parts of arranging that coordinated dynamic, organized system with articulate outcomes, and explicit strategic destinations that ought to be viewed overall procedure. In the school of system, there are 10 way of thinking, it is partitioned into two sections which are prescriptive and clear. The subtleties of the methodology are demonstrated as follows. Prescriptive schools : comprise of 3 schools which are Design, Planning and Positioning. Graphic schools : comprise of 7 schools which are Entrepreneurial, Cognitive, Learning, Power, Cultural, Environmental and Configuration. Additionally, Written in article called â€Å" An Overview of Strategy Development Models and the Ward-RIvani Model’ by Dr. David Ward (2005). In year 1977 another person tagged along which a lot of procedure close by Mitzberg that called Whittington. He asserted that there are four standards that will decide a technique achievement which are Deterministic or Emergent, Single Goal or Pluralistic, Strategy Style, and Influences. The Link between Prescriptive schools and Descriptive schools. From what I comprehend from both of this schools, prescriptive schools are the initial step of technique that should have been done If we might want to accomplish something. For instance, If you need to start your own business, the initial step would be the prescriptive school where you have to structure what sort of business you might want to do, plan how to do your business (marketable strategy) nd likewise how you position your business(where do you need your business to be). In the other hand , Descriptive schools of methodologies are the systems and aptitudes that are expected to present you prescriptive schools . Where all parts of this technique can impact your business. For instance, any fruitful business need to have a pioneer who can l ead the association forward where what has been planned, plan , and situated and to be a pioneer, methodology as enterprise is basic. The Differences between Prescriptive schools and Descriptive schools. In Prescriptive schools, structure and arranging are the point of an organization â€Å" to fit hierarchical capacity with ecological capacity and to best designate assets to accomplish any picked objectives inside a particular timeframe† and to make the point a triumph, an appropriate situating methodology should have been finished. All of proposals models frequently utilizing methodologies, for example, ecological examination, for example, SWOT investigation (structure), guaging (arranging), Market portion five powers (situating). In this way, we would comprehend here that prescriptive schools are utilized to see increasingly about the market. For example, in vital administration, prescriptive schools are frequently used to figure out who is your objective market, understanding your rivals, characterizing your chances, and furthermore what sort of system that our organization might want to execute appropriately to increase upper hand particularly on the off chance that you are working together comprehensively or developing your business globally. In the other hand, Descriptive Schools are a greater amount of the considerable number of things that should have been all together inside an organization or association to execute the methodology that has been pick. For instance, even with a legitimate arranging yet without an appropriate group to execute it, it will be difficult for any business to continue even in the beginning period while making business. Its comprise of pioneer required, organizing we have, culture reflects , monetary cycle, natural circumtances, morals , and furthermore psychological brain research. Which implies that, in clear schools , it is all the segments that an organization or firm need to have so as to execute any technique splendidly. How to Profeciently Execute any procedure when we as of now comprehend about the schools of methodology? On the planet business these days, understanding the hypothetical region of a procedure, for example, schools of technique would not be sufficient to execute an ideal methodology. As had been expressed by Gamble and Arthur (2009) in their book called ‘ Essentials of Strategic Management’ , They have expressed that there are three components that should have been have so as to execute any procedure. The components are appeared beneath : Human Capital †Intangible resources, for example, abilities, information, and qualities that are required by the system. . Data Capital †Intangible resources, for example, the frameworks, databases, and systems that help the technique. 3. Hierarchical Capital †Strategy steady impalpable resources, for example, authority, arrangement of objectives, and collaboration. Whittington’s Classification of Strategic Perspective. As indicated by Whittington(2002), in his book called ‘ What is Strategy and Does it Matterâ €™ , expanding benefits is the most significant standard of business and objective arranging required on the off chance that we need to achieve it. Then, the vital point in business would procure an arrival on capital, and if in a specific case the arrival over the long haul isn't sufficient, the lack ought to be rectified or the action ought to be deserted. To summarize the possibility of whittington : Classical Approach of methodology. †an old style way to deal with any technique necessitates that the director must be prepared and fit for receiving benefit amplifying procedures through long haul arranging. Other than that there are three more case of approach that are appeared underneath : Evolutionaty Approach of methodology. oes not depend on top administration aptitude to plan and act normally. Rather, it will all rely upon the business sectors which will decide the benefit expansion. Additionally, in transformative point of view, the best chosen procedure will decide the presentation of the organization. Processual Approach to technique. Associations and markets are fashioned with disarray and chaos. Along these lines , the best Processual technique isn't take a stab at the perfect, rather, it expected to work with the truth offers where miniaturized scale political view has suggested that organizations are not joined towards a solitary objective, for example, benefit. Other than that, it will be up on the quantity of people with various intrigue and carry them to the association. The principle technique for this methodology is to rearrange all the mind boggling forms. Foundational Approach on Strategy. †The scholar for this methodology accept that the association is fit for arranging and acting viably. All the social factors, for example, family, state, and religion impacts the methods and parts of the bargains approach and will characterize what is the appropriate conduct for every one of their individuals. In this methodology, the association are made up by a people as well as of social gatherings with interests. For example, class and callings, countries and states, families and sex can be decide as the fundamental factors. Thus, the system will relies upon the social condition of the firm. In view of four methodology on technique by Whittington, these four speculations of activity in business will offer us an understanding into the inspiration driving any organizations vision and what are the procedures that the organizations might want to actualize so as to increase upper hand in their market. Reference List : Ward, . (2005). An Overview of Strategy Development Models and the Ward-Rivani Model . . (1), pg12-16. Bet, Arthur,. (2009). Predominant Strategy Execution †Another way of upper hand. In: Griffin, L. Fundamental of Strategic Management. America, New York: McGraw-Hill. pg116-136. Synder, Neil H.. (1982). Research Notes and Communications.. Key Management Journa. (3), p265-267. Whittington, Richard (2002). What is Strategy-and Does it Matter?. UK: Thomson Learning. pg29-57. Step by step instructions to refer to Sun Tzu Strategic Management, Essay models

Research Challenge Case Study Investigation Example

Research Challenge Case Study Investigation Example Research Challenge Case Study Investigation â€" Case Study Example > A third pipe systemThird pipe system entails development linked to recycled water. It is also a form of a commercially-generated recycled water system in which non-portable water by the providers of services to a household as well as industrial use passes through. It is also a system providing a non-portable and reticulated supply of water and utilizes various sets of pipes. Examples of non-portable residential utilization of water include toilet flushing and garden watering. Several households are linked to the third pipe system. The system is also utilized to ensure a supply of untreated ground water for the use outdoor as well as for irrigation by the public. Finally, the third pipe system is used for the delivery of alternate water (Lane, Haas, Lant, 2012, p. 17). Quality and sources of waterMelbourne is one of the regions with quality drinking water in the globe. However, the quality differs depending on the area. The region’s water supplies recycle water to companies reta iling water, who then ensure the distribution to the customers. The recycled water is safe for outdoor purpose as it meets the Department of Health and EPA Victoria requirements. Being a dry area, alternate water mainly through recycling is essential for outdoor uses. Most of the water are primarily from protected as well as remote catchments meaning that minimal treatment is required. About 70 percent of Melbourne's population have their water from open sources, and the water is disinfected. The management of the filtration plants for water is by Melbourne Water. The plants ensure the removal of harmful microorganisms as well as sediments from drinking water. Once the treatment is done, the next step is disinfection of the same. Melbourne Water is also active in ensuring that the supplied water is at its highest quality by providing a continuous improvement of the process of disinfection. The quality of the drinking water is essential to the satisfaction of the customers (Melbour ne Water Corporation 2011, p. 3). Case StudiesCase OneAurora is a large scale as well as a residential third pipe system in Victoria. It was the first third pipe system in Victoria and among the first in Australia. The water re-use scheme of Aurora is a part of Greenfield housing development in the Northern urban fringe of Melbourne, in the City of Whittlesea. The launching of the project was 2006, and it was meant to serve 8500 homes with recycled water for laundry, toilet flushing, public open space irrigation, as well as garden watering, once it is completed in 2025-2030. Its development was faced with uncertainty as well as severe consequences. Embarking on the scheme of water re-use called for the exploration of new grounds. Risk assessment in this unfamiliar terrain exposed surprising comprehensions about the less examined approaches to water and sewer provision for the water of Yalla valley. Continued difficulties of operation have constrained the actually recycled water vo lume. Inexpensive raw land, as well as the remoteness from the services of sewage, offered the chance to show the role of recycling of water in sustainable housing development. The water re-use scheme idea was developer-led. Two critical factors determined the viability of the Aurora third pipe system and these are the costs of cheap raw land as well as the implementation of a project on a large scale to ensure the distribution of expenditure over numerous households (Willis, Stewart, Williams, Hacker, Emmonds, Capati 2011, p. 201).

Families With Young Children - 924 Words

Families with young children across the world greatly differ in their composition. Some families may consist of only one parent, other children who have no parents at home may have extended family members raising them, while others may have a multi-generational home with both parents and grandparents living in the same house, to name a few. Regardless of the family composition, there is a common thread when it comes to bringing up young children, support. In decades past, many families lived near each other and naturally functioned as a support network for each other. However, in today’s society and economy, people have to move away from their family to find employment and affordable housing. One study conducted by a professor of pediatrics at Clemson University, Dr. Gary Melton, depicted the urgency of the matter, his findings of a poll taken in a vastly diverse area in South Carolina found about one-fifth of families with young children feel isolated (Melton, 2010). Lacking this sense of belonging to a community places stress on families, resulting in a rise of depression and anxiety (p 90), as well as, having no one to help in a time of need. Maternal depression among single mothers of young children is of particular concern (Rajaratnam, O’Campo, Caughy, Muntaner, 2008). Additionally, Melton indicates as families become part of a community and develop support networks, there is a decrease in child neglect and mal treatment (p 94). These support networks andShow MoreRelatedHealth Promotion For Young Children And Their Families4115 Words   |  17 Pages4 Life, which is a campaign to increase children’s activity levels and get them to eat healthier; it does this through various different ways such as online recipes, sending out leaflets and promotional letters. It is mainly aimed at young children and their families. Another example of a health promotion campaign is drink aware, the aim of the campaign is to raise awareness about excessive drinking and the effects it can have on the body, it also involves information about drink driving and has statisticsRead MoreThe Importance Of Working With Children And Young People And Their Families1722 Words   |  7 Pagessupports that working together to safeguard children enables different services to come together to prevent problems occurring. It is and effective way of supporting children and young people and their families ensuring that additional â€Å"needs are met. Trodd et al. (2011) commented that people working with children needs to explore the values and principles as they focus them on sustainable changes in their skills, attitudes and behaviours that can help children and future society.† This assignment willRead MoreSecure Attachment Relationship Between Young Children And Their Families898 Words   |  4 PagesNormal, healthy attachment will happen within a wide range of cultural, family, and individual variations in child-rearing customs. Studies of Strange Situation have distinguished secure from insecure attachment. Insecurity can take one of two forms: avoidant and anxious-ambivalent attachment. Attachment theory and research also point to specific strategies for supporting relationships between young children and their families. In child development, one theory is attachment theory is particularlyRead MoreThe Social Ecological Perspective Of Children, Young People And Their Families1330 Words   |  6 PagesThis study will examine the social ecological perspective of children, young people and their families and will demonstrate how this perspective can help in developing practice. It will do so by describing the Social Ecological Perspective by using the Ecological model introduced by Urie Bronfenbrenner (K218 learning guide 3, section 3.1) and demonstrating how the model is adapted and practiced within different frameworks like the Scottish Government framework ‘A Guide To Getting it Right for EveryRead MoreChildren And Young People Are Best Cared For By Their Own Families1501 Words   |  7 PagesThe Children Act 1989 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Local authorities, courts and parents, together with other agencies in the UK were allocated duties to ensure children and young people are safeguarded, and to promote their welfare. The idea is that children and young people are best cared for by their own families, but provisions are made for those parents and families that are unable to co-operate with statutory bodies. 7) Any delays in the system when a childà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬TMs welfare is at risk will have a detrimental impact onRead MoreStrength Based Approaches With Children, Young People And Families1834 Words   |  8 PagesStrength Based Approaches with children, young people and families. Elzia Kabengele Student ID: B1042280 Word Count: 1650 This paper reflects on knowledge gained through direct observation during the first part of the Strength Based Approaches Module. The ability to reflect is widely agreed to improve performance, manifested through analysing on strengths and the development of competence (Gibbs, 1988). Throughout this log, there will be a demonstration of how this approach has enabled me to workRead MoreAssess Strategies And Methods For Children, Young People And Their Families2577 Words   |  11 PagesM3,Assess strategies and methods used to minimise the harm to children, young people and their families where abuse is confirmed. Being respectful Showing respect to someone means you act in a way that shows you care about their feelings and well-being. Showing respect for others include things like not calling people mean names, treating people with courtesy, caring enough about yourself that you don t do things you know can hurt you. Respect must be earned, it cannot be ordered or demanded andRead MoreObserving, Documenting, and Assessing to Support Young Children and Their Families632 Words   |  2 Pages Standard #3: Observing, documenting and assessing to support young children and families. Q1.-In your opinion what are some important uses of assessment? Why do we need to assess? Assessment is often thought of as a punitive exercise. But the purpose of assessment is to ensure that students meet specific standards of progress and to rectify learning deficits before a child falls too far behind. Assessment can also identify a childs strengths as well as his or her weaknesses. As well as comparingRead MoreInvolving Young Children in the Decision-Making Process in Families and Schools1246 Words   |  5 PagesEven young children can be involved in decision making in the family and in schools Are children capable enough to make their own decisions without consultation of their family members? Do they qualify to participate in decisions made among adult family members? The answer to these questions lies in the fact that children do not have much know how about what is right or wrong for them; they always need some guidance and advice from their parents, elder brothers and sisters on matters related toRead MoreDiscuss the Skills and Attitudes to Working with Children, Young People and Families1924 Words   |  8 PagesDiscuss the skills and attitudes required to work with children, young people and families In this essay I will be researching policies, frameworks and reports that have highlighted skills and attitudes required to work with children, young people and families. I will also look at government documents such as EPPE, Common Core Framework and Every Child Matters. From my research I will discuss my findings and go on to include some personal opinions and reflection of my experience within settings

Critical Thinking Discussion - 764 Words

Introduction The relevance of critical thinking cannot be overstated. In addition to helping us properly evaluate arguments, critical thinking skills also do come in handy in the enhancement of our reasoning capabilities. In this text, I concern myself with critical thinking. In so doing, I will amongst other things discuss what critical thinking means to me and the role it is currently playing in my life. Critical Thinking: Discussion Question 1 To me, critical thinking is both the ability and courage to challenge explanations as well as ideas others would rather not challenge. Further, critical thinking to me is the ability to formulate and develop the best solutions to prevailing problems while at the same time evaluating proposed solutions for their relevance. To get things into perspective, it would be prudent to also take into consideration other peoples view of critical thinking. In the words of Moon (2012), the central activity of critical thinking is the assessment of what might be called evidence, in order to make a judgment. Currently, critical thinking enables me to bring out my arguments in a clear and reasonable way. For this reason, I am a better debater than most of my peers. My critical thinking skills have also been of great use to me in my academic life. This is more so the case when it comes to tackling my assignments. Question 2 Recently, we were watching a documentary film with a friend of mine regarding atheism. After we were doneShow MoreRelatedCritical Thinking and Discussion Student Observation566 Words   |  2 PagesThe Reading Assignment This week’s reading assignment fittingly focused on critical thinking beyond the assigned text, and course. It expressed the type of critical thinker you can become is completely dependent on your beliefs and willingness to abandon them to go outside your own realm of comfort. It also expresses the belief that although you should go outside our comfort zone, there is still a requirement to learn new words and established facts and ideas. This course began with assignmentsRead MoreConstructing Meaning Essay1124 Words   |  5 Pagescontroversial discussions and enhancing their critical thinking skills at the collegiate level. This article we will discuss some common issues that surface in college courses that encourage critical thinking. What strategies can educators use to promote enlightened and fair discussion of them† (Gainey Payne, 2003, p.52). The goal of the article was to share their findings from a research study in which through effective pedagogy is needed i n order to foster students having better critical thinking skillsRead MoreOutstanding Disscusion Board Princi Essay1017 Words   |  5 PagesGuide to an Outstanding Discussion Board Thread 1. Read your assignment carefully for content related requirements. Let’s look at the example below. Note that it does not ask for a vague opinion, but requires that your answer be based upon: * Five developmental theories found in your reading assignment. * Information found in reading and presentations related to human development. * Your Christian/Other worldview – this implies that you understand your worldview and clearly defineRead MoreEssay about Assessment of Critical Thinking976 Words   |  4 Pagesor the course modified. The aim of this paper is to define assessment and critical thinking skills, and then review a State University course and suggest different assessments that could be used to demonstrate learning. Theoretical Foundations of Nursing will be the course reviewed, as it is the only course I have previously taken, and therefore the only course which I have assess to the curriculum. Critical thinking is recognized by accrediting bodies as an outcome for graduates of bachelorRead MoreTeaching Strategies Used to Promote Active Learning Essay1159 Words   |  5 Pagessegment of the definition by nature an active endeavor is important because it allows the student to develop her critical thinking skills as well as practice her writing techniques. The student can discuss class material in a less formal setting, which can be beneficial in creating more open-ended discussions for the student. As a teacher, promoting various learning styles is critical because one student learn differently than another. It is an important life lesson a student to understand heRead MoreDiscussion On An Instructional Method962 Words   |  4 PagesDiscussion as an Instructional Method I would use discussion as an instructional method because it is a great interactive learning tool and facilitates listening, teamwork, confidence, critical thinking, critical listening and critical reading. Moreover, classroom discussions can help students sharpen their communication and speaking skills. Classroom discussion helps to dispel myths and preconceived prejudices about others and students tend to develop mutual respect for one and others. Read MoreCritical Thinking And Teaching Methods1648 Words   |  7 Pages but rather accept it and move on. Critical thinking and efficient teaching methods have been suppressed in the current U.S. educational system, and the U.S. is suffering: once one of the front runners in education, the U.S. has fallen to twenty-seventh place according to the 2012 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Ironically, the definition of critical thinking, an often-used pedagogical term, requires the process of critical thinking, criticism, and debate, as the definitionRead MoreUse Of Discussion As An Instructional Method863 Words   |  4 PagesI would use discussion as an instructional method because it is a great interactive learning tool and facilitates listening, teamwork, confidence, critical thinking, critical listening and critical reading. Moreover, classroom discussions can help students sharpen their communication and speaking skills. Classroom discussion helps to dispel myths and preconceived prejudices about others and students tend to develop mutual respect for one and others. Above all, discussions foster better understandingRead MoreUnderstanding How Fallacies, Critical Thinking and Decision Making Techniques Are All Linked Togethe1689 Words   |  7 PagesHow it all comes together 1 Understanding how fallacies, critical thinking and decision making techniques are all linked together. What is a logical fallacy? According to the Webster dictionary (1996), a fallacy is a false notion. A statement or argument based on a false or invalid inference. Fallacies can be divided into two different groups; the first one is the fallacy of relevance where the premises are irrelevant to the outcome. The other is fallacy of insufficient evidence, where theRead MoreTechnology Is Becoming More Accessible And Portable Essay1363 Words   |  6 Pagesclassroom. On the other hand, others agree that technology offers sources of distraction, which undermine students’ ability of critical thinking. It is not true, however, that all the technology in classrooms has negative impacts. Thus, it is important to distinguish which kind of technology can help develop critical thinking skills among students. In order to cultivate critical thinking skills in classrooms, technology must be able to support the objectives of the theory of constructivist learning. This

Massacre At Mystic Free Essays

English Puritans assembled an alliance. They all had one goal; eradicate the most powerful tribe in southern New England, The Opaque Tribe. They began conflicting over property, warfare, division of labor and nature. We will write a custom essay sample on Massacre At Mystic or any similar topic only for you Order Now The English thought the Puritan men were lazy because the women did all the cooking and gardening. The alliance made a deal to not harm women or children. On that night, the group, led by John Mason, snuck to the Opaque village, with the Intent to kill the men. The Opaque forces were too strong. The puritans then decided to burn the village, with the Bouquets Inside. Hundreds of Bouquets were killed, as well as some Englishmen, others were sold Into slavery. This, In turn, harmed the elderly, men, women, and children. The massacre was a tragic event that had forever changed America for the natives. The English believed that the only way of life, was their way of life. Their goal was western expansion. The Natives, unfortunately for the English, controlled all of the western land. Puritans manipulated native enemies into killing one another. A systematic idea of killing all Bouquets began only a few weeks later. As a result, the Opaque tribe was considered extinct, even though little remained. The English hoped the few remaining would forget their ways. The Narragansett Tribe, approximately eighty years later, was destroyed in the King Philips War. The final Bouquets reemerged in Connecticut on a reservation appointed by the government. The land was difficult for survival due to insufficient soil and many other factors. Their reservation became smaller and smaller as the English began to take the land for arsenal use or for money. The Puritans goal of wiping out the Opaque Tribe was almost a success. Nearly three hundred years later, only three Opaque remained. They were all elderly women, living alone on the reservation. The women intended to restore the native tribe. Eventually, the land was returned to the Opaque group. The reservation was considered a separate country from the United States. No taxes were enforced, in fact, none were created at all. There was a government and police force established. Enhancement Opaque Museum is a museum that tells of all the vents the occurred in the history of the tribe. The Pesto’s main source of prosperity was the casino they built. It Is still, to this day, the largest casino In the United States. Nevertheless the Opaque Tribe still engages In the same rituals and old traditions practiced before the massacre. They still condemned mistrust and suspicion since the massacre. As of today the Opaque Tribe Is still considered nonexistent. Although some do not consider the Opaque as an active tribe, It Is notorious for their great recovery of the ancient ways and legends of the group. The Puritans we not effected by their expedition because they were under the Impression they were doing good. The tragic event eventually caused prosperity although many lives were taken. If the Puritans had not done this though, America would be a completely different place. The incident did, in fact, change American history and America today. BY Ian-11234 On May 26th, 1637, a group of Narragansett and Monica Native Americans along led by John Mason, snuck to the Opaque village, with the intent to kill the men. The the Bouquets inside. Hundreds of Bouquets were killed, as well as some Englishmen, others were sold into slavery. This, in turn, harmed the elderly, men, women, and prosperity was the casino they built. It is still, to this day, the largest casino in the United States. Nevertheless the Opaque Tribe still engages in the same rituals and suspicion since the massacre. As of today the Opaque Tribe is still considered nonexistent. Although some do not consider the Opaque as an active tribe, it is Puritans we not effected by their expedition because they were under the impression How to cite Massacre At Mystic, Papers

Social Security Association Essays - Social Security,

Social Security Association The Social Security Act was created because of two separate factors, the Industrial Revolution, and the Great Depression. B efore these two events , which shaped the United States to what we know it as today , security for senior citizens had c o me from another source. In this time , prior to the 1930's , America was almost entirely an agricultural nation. A typical life in this period was grow ing up on the farm working the land until people were too old to do it any longer . Once this occurred , extended famil ies would take care of family members until they had passed away, so there was no need for social security. But, as all good things must end , so did th e fairy tale where blood was thicker than water. The Industrial R evolution was what had started it by making the extended family and the family farm less common sources of what was financial security. Then, the Great Depres sion finished off this metamorphosis , so to speak , by making things so economically difficult that it was every family and family member for themselves. Thus, the Social Security Act was born. On June 8th, 1934, President Franklin D. Roosevelt first spoke of his idea of a social security program to Congress. To tackle the actual creation of such a policy , the President appointed , by Executive Order , the c ommittee on Economic Security. The committee was told to examine the entire problem of economic insecurity and then devise a plan to help those most in need. In early 1935 , the committee made its report to President Roosevelt and by January 17 th , he had introduced the findings of the committee to both houses of Congress so that their idea could be considered. Soon , the houses of Congress could come to a majority decision as the Social Security Act was signed into law on August 14 th , 1935. One of the first things that this act did was establish a bipartisan Social Security Board made up of 3 members who were chosen specifically by the president. The original members of this board included John G. Winant, Arthur J. Altmeyer, and Vincent M. Miles. The duties of the SSB encompassed such things as delegating to the public how earnings were to be reported and the benefits that would be available to them. For Social Security to be effective , the United States government had much more to do. The biggest thing on this to-do list was to register all employers and employees by the deadline January 1 st , 1937 . It would be then that they would start receiving credits towards their old age insurance benefits. To complete this task, the government contracted with the United States Postal Service to deliver applications to the American people. Over 35 million SSN cards were issued via this mass registration between 1936 and 1937 alo ne. Through the Social Security Act , monthly benefits were to begin in 1942. So , from 1937 up until this time, the U.S. paid out single lump-sum payments to retirees. The first man to receive such a payment was Ernest Ackerman, a retired Cleveland motorman. Acker retired the following day of the beginning of this act for which he received a payment o f only 17 cents. This amount was far below the average of $58.06 at the time . The first amendments to the Social Security Act took place in 1939. The amendments added two new benefits, which included payment s to the spouse and underage children of a retired worker , and to the family of a worker in the event of a premature death. The 1939 amendments also increased the benefit amounts which had also quickened the start of monthly benefit checks from 194 0 to 194 2. The next set of amendments were enacted in 1950. These specific amendments were to increase the amount of the benefits which a t the time were still very low. In fact , until 1951, welfare assistance for the elderly exceeded the amount of Social Security benefits. A COLA or cost-of-living-adjustment was first